Power Transformer Working Principle, Construction and Types

Siemens Transformer

The transformer is a common word for an electrical engineer and engineering student. In this post, I will discuss what is a transformer, its working principle, transformer construction, types of the transformer and transformer testing. I am going to post a series of articles about the transformer with video. So let’s go.

What is Power Transformer?

By one sentence we can say, a transformer is a static piece of electrical equipment that can transform AC electric power from one circuit to another by step-up or by step-down the main voltage with the same frequency. It is one of the most common electrical equipment with a different size than we are using in our daily life form morning to night.

Power Transformer Working Principle:

A transformer has two or more separate coil windings placed on a common magnetic core. But the primary coil winding is responsible for supplying the alternating current (AC) with supplied frequency and it produces the magnetic flux in the same frequency in the magnetic core.

Then the flux linkage to the secondary coil winding also changes at the same frequency resulting in induced e.m.f of the same frequency to the secondary coil winding. But the direction of induced e.m.f in the secondary coil winding opposes the causes of producing the alternating flux by the primary coil winding.

Construction of a Power Transformer:

The transformer has several applications for use. So transformer design, types, and accessories are depended upon its size, application, and location. Now there are some components and accessories of a transformer,

Steel Tank (Body)
Core
Coil Winding
Conservator
Breather
Thermometer
Vent Pipe or Pressure Relief
Valves
Buchholz Relay
Tap Changing Switch

Various Types of PowerTransformer:

A power transformer has several types like two winding transformers, three winding transformers, and the autotransformer. Besides the autotransformer and the power transformer, there are great verities of a special transformer. It includes the following,

The winding Transformer
Furnace Transformer
Rectifier Transformer
Regulating Transformer
Mining Transformer
Current and Voltage Transformer
Traction Transformer
High Voltage Testing Transformer
High-Frequency Transformer
Short Circuit Testing Transformer
Communication Transformer
Control and Domestic Transformer

Testes of Power Transformer:

There are two types of transformer testing,

Open Circuit Test
Short Circuit Test

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View Comments

sfereelecnova1James Franklin says:

March 16, 2021 at 8:38 am

insulating oil or transformer oil is an oil that is stable at high temperature and has best electrical insulating properties. Thanks for helping.. nice blog.